# CSharp

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Functions are a cornerstone of programming, allowing developers to encapsulate code that performs a specific task into a reusable and maintainable block. In C#, functions are defined within classes or structs, and they are referred to as methods. This chapter will dive into the basics of defining and using functions in C#, covering their syntax, types, parameters, and return values. Understanding functions is crucial for both beginners and intermediate developers, as they provide the building blocks for structuring and organizing code in any application.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Collections are data structures that hold objects in memory. In C#, collections are incredibly versatile and can be used to store, manipulate, and manage data efficiently. Unlike arrays, which have a fixed size, collections can dynamically resize, offering more flexibility. This chapter introduces some of the most commonly used collection types in the .NET Framework, including their use cases, benefits, and key operations.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Asynchronous programming is a powerful feature of C# that allows for efficient execution of operations, particularly those that involve long-running tasks or IO-bound work, such as file operations, database transactions, or network requests. By using asynchronous programming, you can keep your application responsive and improve its overall performance by not blocking the main thread while waiting for operations to complete. This chapter introduces the basics of asynchronous programming in C# using async and await keywords, and explores how to perform asynchronous operations with tasks.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

File handling is an essential aspect of many C# applications, enabling you to create, read, update, and delete files on the filesystem. C# provides a comprehensive set of classes in the System.IO namespace for working with files and directories, making file operations straightforward and efficient. This chapter covers the basics of file handling in C#, including how to work with files and directories, read and write files, and handle file I/O operations securely and efficiently.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Generics are one of the most powerful features of C#, enabling developers to define type-safe data structures, without committing to actual data types. This results in a more flexible, reusable, and type-safe codebase. Generics allow you to write a class or method that can work with any data type. When you use a class or method that has been defined generically, you specify the exact data type it should work with. This chapter explores the concept of generics in C#, including how to define and use generic classes, methods, interfaces, and delegates.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Entity Framework (EF) is an open-source object-relational mapping (ORM) framework for ADO.NET, part of the .NET ecosystem. It serves as a bridge between the relational database world and the object-oriented world of .NET, allowing developers to work with data in the form of domain-specific objects and properties, without having to deal with the underlying database tables and columns directly. This chapter introduces the basics of Entity Framework, covering its two main approaches: Code-First and Database-First, and how to perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

Encapsulation is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) that involves bundling the data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, known as a class. It also restricts direct access to some of the object's components, which is a way of preventing accidental manipulation of data and ensuring internal data integrity. This principle of hiding the internal state and requiring all interaction to occur through an object's methods is central to C#. This chapter explains the concept of encapsulation and demonstrates how to implement it in C# through access modifiers and properties.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 29, 2024

In C#, delegates and events are foundational concepts that enable a flexible and extensible way to handle method callbacks and notifications. They play a crucial role in designing and implementing event-driven programming patterns, which are central to developing interactive applications such as graphical user interfaces, game development, and service-oriented applications. This chapter introduces delegates and events, explaining their uses, syntax, and how they enable managed event handling in C#.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 28, 2024

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a paradigm that uses "objects" to design applications and computer programs. It utilizes several principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism to create more modular, reusable, and flexible code. C#, being a modern object-oriented language, fully supports these concepts, making it a powerful tool for developing complex software systems. This chapter introduces the fundamentals of OOP in C#, covering classes and objects, properties and methods, constructors and destructors, and the concept of static members.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 28, 2024

Polymorphism, a core concept in object-oriented programming (OOP), enables objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. It's a Greek word that means "having multiple forms," which is exactly what polymorphism allows in programming: the same method or property can be used in different ways for different objects. C# implements polymorphism primarily through method overriding and interfaces, allowing for dynamic method resolution at runtime. This chapter explores the concept of polymorphism in C# and how it can be used to design flexible and easily extendable software.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 28, 2024

In object-oriented programming (OOP), interfaces and abstract classes are two fundamental constructs that enable polymorphism and code reusability. While they share some similarities in that they can both define methods and properties without implementing them, they serve different purposes and have different constraints. This chapter will delve into the differences and use cases for interfaces and abstract classes in C#, helping you understand when to use each in your applications.

Hamdam Muqimov

Mar 28, 2024

Inheritance is a fundamental concept of object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows you to create a new class that reuses, extends, and modifies the behavior that is defined in another class. This concept is one of the main pillars of OOP because it allows for the creation of hierarchical classifications. Using inheritance, you can create a general class that defines traits common to a set of related items. This class can then be inherited by other, more specific classes, each adding those features that are unique to it. In C#, inheritance is achieved by using the : symbol. This chapter will explore how inheritance works in C# and how it can be used to create well-organized and reusable code.